On September 14, 2001, “By a vote of 98 to 0 in the Senate and 420 to 1 in the House, Congress declared: ‘That the President [Bush] is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided in the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations, or persons.’ “
– George W. Bush, Decision Points, Page 154