On June 29, 2006, “the Supreme Court ruled 5-3 in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld that the military commissions the [Bush] administration had created to try the Guantanamo detainees were illegal. The principal flaw, the Court said, was that the president had established them without authorization from Congress. It was [Vice President Dick] Cheney’s secret directive back in November 2001 that had created the commissions in the first place, and the ruling was a major blow to him as well as a sweeping setback for the administration.”
– Elisabeth Bumiller, Condoleezza Rice: An American Life, Pages 296-297