“[A] federal statute passed in [October 25] 1994 known as CALEA–the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act… requires communications companies to engineer their facilities so that their network can easily be monitored. It even requires the company to install the eavesdropping devices themselves if necessary, and then never reveal their existence. According to the statute, the government is required to first provide a warrant from a federal judge… But under the Bush administration’s warrantless surveillance program, they presumably could simply order the company to comply.”
– James Bamford, The Shadow Factory, Page 211