On October 2, 1989, President George H.W. Bush signed National Security Directive 26, titled ‘U.S. Policy Toward the Persian Gulf.’ It read, ” ‘Normal relations between the United States and Iraq would serve our long-term interests and promote stability in both the Gulf and the Middle East. The United States government should propose economic and political incentives for Iraq to moderate its behavior and to increase our influence with Iraq. At the same time, the Iraqi leadership must understand that any illegal use of chemical and/or biological weapons will lead to economic and political sanctions, for which we would seek the broadest possible support from our allies and friends. Any breach by Iraq of IAEA [International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.N.’s watchdog in this area] safeguards in its nuclear program will result in a similar response.’ ”
– Richard N. Haass, War of Necessity, War of Choice, Page 47