“The survey responses point to around 405,000 deaths attributable to the war and occupation in Iraq from 2003 to 2011. At least another 56,000 deaths should be added to that total from households forced to flee Iraq, the study authors estimate. More than 60 percent of the excess deaths of men, women, and children reported from 2003 to 2011 were the direct result of shootings, bombings, airstrikes, or other violence, according to the study. The rest came indirectly, from stress-related heart attacks or ruined sanitation and hospitals.”
– Dan Vergano, “Half-Million Iraqis Died in the War, New Study Says: Household survey records deaths from all war-related causes, 2003 to 2011.”, NationalGeographic.com, Oct. 16, 2013